CCRM

Constitution of Moldova

Constitution of the Republic of Moldova


Stand:
Title I
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Articol  1 State of the Republic of Moldova

(1) The Republic of Moldova is a sovereign and independent state, unitary and indivisible.


(2) The form of government of the state is the republic.


(3) The Republic of Moldova is a democratic rule of law in which human dignity, human rights and freedoms, the free development of human personality, justice and political pluralism are supreme values and are guaranteed.

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Articol  2 Sovereignty and State Power

(1) National sovereignty belongs to the people of the Republic of Moldova, who exercise it directly and through its representative bodies, in the forms established by the Constitution.


(2) No private person, no part of the people, no social group, no political party or other public party may exercise state power in his own name. The usurpation of state power is the most serious crime against the people.

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Articol  3 Territory

(1) The territory of the Republic of Moldova is inalienable.


(2) The borders of the country are enshrined by organic law, respecting the unanimously recognized principles and norms of international law.

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Articol  4 Human rights and freedoms

(1) Constitutional provisions on human rights and freedoms shall be interpreted and applied in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Covenants and other treaties to which the Republic of Moldova is a party.


(2) If there are inconsistencies between the pacts and treaties on fundamental human rights to which the Republic of Moldova is a party and its domestic laws, priority shall be given to international regulations.

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Articol  5 Democracy and political pluralism

(1) Democracy in the Republic of Moldova is exercised under the conditions of political pluralism, which is incompatible with dictatorship and totalitarianism.


(2) No ideology may be established as the official ideology of the State.

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Articol  6 Separation and collaboration of powers

In the Republic of Moldova the legislative, executive and judicial power are separated and cooperate in the exercise of their prerogatives, according to the provisions of the Constitution.

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Articol  7 Constitution, Supreme Law

The Constitution of the Republic of Moldova is its Supreme Law. No law or other legal act in contrary to the provisions of the Constitution has legal power.

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Articol  8 Compliance with international law and international treaties

(1) The Republic of Moldova undertakes to respect the Charter of the United Nations and the treaties to which it is a party, to base its relations with other states on the unanimously recognized principles and norms of international law.


(2) The entry into force of an international treaty containing provisions in contrary to the Constitution shall be preceded by a revision thereof.

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Articol  9 Fundamental principles of ownership

(1) The property is public and private. It consists of material and intellectual goods.


(2) Property may not be used to the detriment of human rights, freedoms and dignity.


(3) The market, free economic initiative, fair competition are the basic factors of the economy.

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Articol  10 Unity of the people and the right to identity

(1) The state is founded on the unity of the people of the Republic of Moldova. The Republic of Moldova is the common and indivisible homeland of all its citizens.


(2) The State recognises and guarantees the right of all citizens to the preservation, development and expression of their ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious identity.

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Articol  11 Republic of Moldova, neutral state

(1) The Republic of Moldova proclaims its permanent neutrality.


(2) The Republic of Moldova does not allow the deployment of military troops of other states on its territory

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Articol  12 State symbols

(1) The Republic of Moldova has a flag, coat of arms, and natioanl anthem.


(2) The State Flag of the Republic of Moldova is tricolor. The colors are arranged vertically, in the following order, starting from the lance: blue, yellow, red. In the center on the yellow strips, the State Coat of Arms of the Republic of Moldova is printed.


(3) The State coat of arms of the Republic of Moldova represents a shield divided horizontally into two parts: the upper part being of a red chromatics and the lower part – blue chromatics with a superimposed auroch’s head showing between its horns an eight-pointed star. On its right the auroch’s head is flanked by a five-petalled rose, and on its left by a slightly rotated crescent. All the elements represented in the shield are gold (yellow). The shield is placed on the chest of a natural eagle bearing in its beak a golden cross (crusader eagle) and holding in its right claw a green olive branch, and in the left a golden scepter.


(4) The State Anthem of the Republic of Moldova is established by organic law.


(5) The flag, coat of arms and anthem are the state symbols of the Republic of Moldova and are protected by law.

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Articol  13 State language, functioning of other languages

(1) The state language of the Republic of Moldova is the Romanian language, operating on the basis of Latin alphabet.

(2) The State recognises and protects the right to the preservation, development and functioning of the Russian language and other languages spoken in the territory of the country.

(3) The State shall facilitate the study of languages of international circulation.

(4) The functioning of languages on the territory of the Republic of Moldova is determined by organic law.

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Articol  14 Capital

The capital of the Republic of Moldova is Chisinau.

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