CCRM

Constitution of Moldova

Constitution of the Republic of Moldova


Stand:
Title III
PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
Chapter IV
THE PARLIAMENT
Section 1
Organization and Operation
Articol  60 Parliament, supreme representative body and legislative

(1) Parliament is the supreme representative body of the people of the Republic of Moldova and the sole legislative authority of the state.


(2) Parliament shall be composed of 101 Members.

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Articol  61 Election of Parliament

(1) Parliament is elected by universal, equal, direct, secret and freely expressed vote.


(2) The manner in which elections are organised and conducted shall be determined by organic law.


(3) The elections of Members of Parliament shall take place no later than 3 months after the expiry of the term of office or the dissolution of the previous Parliament.

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Articol  62 Validation of the mandate of the Member

The Constitutional Court, on a proposal from the Central Electoral Commission, decides to validate the mandate of the deputy or to invalidate it in case of violation of electoral law.

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Articol  63 Term of office

(1) Parliament shall be elected for a term of four years, which may be extended by organic law in the event of war or catastrophe.


(2) The Parliament shall meet, at the convocation of the President of the Republic of Moldova, no later than 30 days after the elections.


(3) The mandate of the Parliament shall be extended until the legal meeting of the new composition. During this period, the Constitution may not be amended and organic laws may not be adopted, amended or repealed.


(4) Draft laws or legislative proposals on the agenda of the previous Parliament shall continue their procedure in the new Parliament.

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Articol  64 Internal organization

(1) The structure, organisation and functioning of Parliament shall be determined by regulation. Parliament's financial resources are set out in the budget approved by it.


(2) The President of the Parliament shall be elected by secret ballot, by a majority of the votes of the Elected Members, during the term of office of the Parliament. It may be revoked at any time by secret ballot by Parliament by a majority of at least two-thirds of the votes of all Members.


(3) The Vice-Presidents shall be elected on a proposal from the President of the Parliament, in consultation with the parliamentary factions.

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Articol  65 Public nature of meetings

(1) The sittings of parliament shall be public.


(2) Parliament may decide that certain meetings shall be closed.

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Articol  66 Basic tasks

Parliament has the following basic tasks:


a) adopt laws, decisions and motions;


b) declare referendums;


c) interpret the laws and ensure the unity of the legislative regulations throughout the country;


d) approve the main directions of the internal and external policy of the State;


e) approves the military doctrine of the state;


f) exercise parliamentary control over executive power, in the forms and within the limits laid down in the Constitution;


g) ratify, denounce, suspend and annul the action of international treaties concluded by the Republic of Moldova;


h) approve the State budget and exercise control over it;


i) exercise control over the granting of State loans, economic and other aid to foreign states, the conclusion of agreements on State loans and loans from foreign sources;


j) elect and appoint state officials, in cases provided for by law;


k) approves the orders and medals of the Republic of Moldova;


(l) declare partial or general mobilisation;


m) declare a state of emergency, siege and war;


n) initiate the investigation and hearing of any matters relating to the interests of the company;


o) suspend the activity of local public administration bodies, in cases provided for by law;


p) adopt acts on amnesty;


r)performs other duties, established by the Constitution and laws.

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Articol  67 Sessions

1) Parliament shall meet in two ordinary sessions per year. The first session starts in February and may not exceed the end of July. The second session starts in September and may not exceed the end of December.


2) The Parliament shall also meet in extraordinary or special sessions at the request of the president of the Republic Of Moldova,the president of the Parliament or one third of the deputies.

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Section 2
Statute of Deputies
Articol  68 Representative mandate

(1) In the exercise of the mandate, the deputies are at the service of the people.


(2) Any mandatory mandate shall be void.

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Articol  69 Mandate of deputies

(1) Deputies shall enter the office subject to validation.


(2) The capacity of a deputy shall cease on the date of the legal meeting of the newly elected parliament, in case of resignation, lifting of the mandate, incompatibility or death.

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Articol  70 Incompatibilities and immunities

(1) The quality of deputy is incompatible with the exercise of any other remunerated function, except for the didactic and scientific activity.


(2) Other incompatibilities are established by organic law.


(3) The deputy may not be detained, arrested, searched, except in cases of flagrant crime, or sent to trial without the consent of the Parliament, after his hearing.

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Articol  71 Independence of views

The member may not be persecuted or held legally liable for votes or opinions expressed in the exercise of his or her mandate.

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Section 3
Legislation
Articol  72 Categories of laws

(1) Parliament shall adopt constitutional laws, organic laws and ordinary laws.


(2) Constitutional laws are those of revision of the Constitution.


(3) Organic Law shall regulate:


      a) electoral system;


      b) organization and conduct of the referendum;


      c) organisation and functioning of Parliament;


      d) organization and functioning of government;


      e) organization and functioning of the Constitutional Court of the Superior Council of      Magistracy, courts, administrative litigation;


      f) organization of the local administration of the territory as well as the general regime  on local autonomy;


      g) organization and functioning of political parties;


      h) how to establish the exclusive economic zone;


      i) the general legal regime of property and inheritance;


      j) general arrangements for employment relations, trade unions and social protection;


      k) general organization of education;


      l) general regime of religious cults;


      m) state of emergency, siege and war regime;


      n) offences, punishments and the regime of their execution;


      o) granting amnesty and pardon;


      p) other areas for which the Constitution provides for the adoption of organic laws;


      r) other areas for which Parliament considers it necessary to adopt organic laws.


(4) ordinary laws intervene in any area of social relations, except those reserved for constitutional and organic laws.

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Articol  73 Legislative initiative

The right of legislative initiative belongs to the deputies in the Parliament, to the President of the Republic of Moldova, to the Government, to the People's Assembly of the Gagauzia Autonomous Territorial Unit.

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Articol  74 Adoption of laws and decisions

(1) The organic laws are adopted with the vote of the majority of the elected deputies, after at least two readings.


(2) The ordinary laws and decisions are adopted with the vote of the majority of the deputies present.


(3) The draft laws presented by the Government, as well as the legislative proposals of the deputies accepted by it shall be examined by the Parliament in the manner and according to the priorities established by the Government, including in the emergency procedure. Other legislative proposals are examined in the established manner.


(4) The laws shall be sent for promulgation to the President of the Republic of Moldova.

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Articol  75 The Referendum

(1) The most important issues of the society and of the state are subject to the referendum.


(2) The decisions adopted according to the results of the republican referendum have supreme legal power.

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Articol  76 Entry into force of the law

The law shall be published in the Official Gazette (Monitorul Oficial) of the Republic of Moldova and shall enter into force on the date of its publication or on the date provided for in its text. The non-publication of the law entails its non-existence.

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